The state is named for the River Niger. Two of Nigeria's major hydroelectric power stations, the Kainji Dam and the Shiroro Dam, are located in Niger State; also situated there is Kainji National Park, the largest National Park of Nigeria, which contains Kainji Lake.
Like the majority of Nigerian states, it is governed by a Governor and a House of Assembly. Under the administration of Mu'azu Aliyu Babangida on January 13, 2000, the state has adopted sharia law as the code of law, even though the population of the state has been historically evenly divided between Muslims and Christians.