Diemazz

Penghu County 澎湖縣 Abbreviation(s): Penghu (澎湖)
County seat	Magong City
Region	Taiwan Strait
County Magistrate	Chien-fa Wang (王乾發)
Cities	1
Townships	5
Area
- Total	141.052 km² (22 of 25)
- % water	0 %
Population
- Total	92,415 (April 2008) (23 of 25)
- Density	655.18/km²
Symbols
- County flower	Firewheel (Gaillardia pulchella)
- County tree	Chinese Banyan (Ficus microcarpa)
- County bird	Small Skylark (Alauda gulgula)
Official websites	www.penghu.gov.tw

Subdivision of Penghu County

The Penghu islands (traditional Chinese: 澎湖群島; Tongyong Pinyin: Pénghú Cyúndăo; Hanyu Pinyin: Pénghú Qúndăo; Wade-Giles: P'eng-Hu Ch'ün-Tao ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Phêⁿ-ô·-kûn-tó, also known as Pescadores from Portuguese, "fishermen", pron. IPA: [pɨʃ.kɐ.ˈðo.ɾɨʃ]) are an archipelago off the western coast of Taiwan in the Taiwan Strait consisting of 90 small islands and islets covering an area of 141 square kilometers. The whole archipelago forms Penghu County, Taiwan Province, Republic of China.

History

"P'eng-hu" was first recorded in unofficial historical records and regional logs in 1171 during the Southern Song Dynasty^{[citation needed]}. From the middle of the 17th century to 1895, Taiwan and the archipelago were ruled by pirates, the colonial Dutch Empire, the Koxinga kingdom, and the Qing Dynasty (Manchu), successively.

The Penghu archipelago was captured by the French in March 1885, in the closing weeks of the Sino-French War, and evacuated four months later. The Pescadores Campaign was the last campaign of Admiral Amédée Courbet, whose naval victories during the war had made him a national hero in France. Courbet was among several French soldiers and sailors who succumbed to cholera during the French occupation of Penghu. He died aboard his flagship Bayard in Magong harbour on 11 June 1885.^[1]

The Qing Dynasty then ceded these islands to Japan in 1895 in the Sino-Japanese Treaty of Shimonoseki along with Taiwan.

In the Cairo Declaration of 1943, the United States, United Kingdom, and China stated it to be their purpose that "all the territories that Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Formosa (Taiwan) and the Pescadores (Penghu), shall be restored to the Republic of China."

On July 26, 1945, the three governments issued the Potsdam Declaration, declaring that "the terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out." In the Treaty of San Francisco, Japan renounced sovereignty over Taiwan and Penghu but left their final disposition unsettled. The archipelago has been administered by the Republic of China since the Retrocession Day (1945-10-25) as part of its Taiwan Province.

In the early 1990's, the Penghu National Scenic Area, that comprises most, but not all of the islands and islets of the archipelago, was created. Tourism has been since, one of the main sources of income of the county.

A disaster struck on May 25, 2002, when a Boeing 747-200 aircraft operated by China Airlines, as China Airlines Flight 611, flying from Taipei, Taiwan to Hong Kong disintegrated, and then exploded, over the Islands, and its wreckage slammed into the Taiwan Strait, a couple of miles off coast. All 225 passengers and crew on board were killed. CNN referred to the crash as the "Taiwan Tragedy."^[2]

Sub-county divisions

• Magong City (馬公市) (Heaven Queen City)
• Husi Township (湖西鄉) (Lake West Township)
• Baisha Township (白沙鄉) (White Sand Township)
• Siyu Township (西嶼鄉) (Fisherman Township)
• Cimei Township (七美鄉) (Seven Beauties Township)
• Wang-an Township (望安鄉) (Hope Township)

Altogether, there are 97 villages.

The main islands of Magong City/Husi Township, Baisha Township, and Siyu Township are the three most populous islands and are connected via bridges. Two shorter bridges connect Husi and Baisha. The bridge connecting Baisha and Siyu is the longest bridge in Taiwan and is called the Penghu Trans-Oceanic Bridge (澎湖跨海大橋 Peng Hu Kua Hai Da Qiao).

Miscellaneous facts

Lists of miscellaneous information should be avoided. Please relocate any relevant information into appropriate sections or articles. (September 2008)

• The county flower is a chrysanthemum called "The Immortals" (天人菊).
• Professional diving fishermen dive with a simple hooka system.^[3]

Footnotes

References

• Loir, M., L'escadre de l'amiral Courbet (Paris, 1886)

See also

This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.

• Administrative divisions of the Republic of China
• China Airlines Flight 611
• List of cities in the Republic of China (Taiwan)
• Penghu National Scenic Area
• Republic of China
• Township (Taiwan)

External links

Find more about Penghu on Wikipedia's sister projects:

Definitions from Wiktionary
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Quotations from Wikiquote
Source texts from Wikisource
Images and media from Commons
News stories from Wikinews

Learning resources from Wikiversity

• Penghu travel guide from Wikitravel
• Penghu County Government Official Website
• Penghu Tour Official Website
• Complete list of villages' names (Traditional Chinese)

v • d • e Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Provinces and counties Taiwan Province Changhua · Chiayi · Hsinchu · Hualien · Kaohsiung · Miaoli · Nantou · Penghu (Pescadores) · Pingtung · Taichung · Tainan · Taipei · Taitung · Taoyuan · Yilan · Yunlin Fujian Province Kinmen · Lienchiang (Matsu Islands) Provincial cities Chiayi · Hsinchu · Keelung · Taichung · Tainan Central municipalities Taipei City · Kaohsiung City Taiwan Area

v • d • e Cities and townships of Outlying Islands of the Republic of China County seats are in Bold Penghu Cities Makung City Rural townships Baisha · Cimei · Husi · Siyu · Wang-an Kinmen Urban townships Kincheng · Kinsha · Kinhu Rural townships Kinning · Lieyu · Wuciou Lienchiang Rural townships Nangan · Beigan · Jyuguang · Dongyin

v • d • e Territorial disputes in East, South, and Southeast Asia
Type	Territory	Currently Administered by	Claimants
Land:	Aksai Chin		2
	Arunachal Pradesh		2
	Baekdu Mountain		2 2
	East Turkestan		1 2
	Heixiazi/Bolshoy Ussuriysky (Eastern part)2
	Indo-Bangladesh enclaves3
	Kashmir3		2
	Kachin State		1 2
	Kayin State		1
	Korean Peninsula and its adjacent islands3
	Mainland China2
	Mongolia2
	Pamir Mountains (Northern and central parts)2
	Wakhan Corridor2
	Pattani		1
	Sabah2
	Shan State		1
	Sixty-Four Villages East of the Heilongjiang River2
	Tannu Uriankhai (now Tuva Republic of Russia)2
	Tibet		1 2
	Trans-Karakoram Tract		2
	Wa State		1
Islands and Waters:	Kinmen
	Liancourt Rocks		2
	Macclesfield Bank
	Matsu
	Paracel Islands
	South Ledge
	Pratas Islands
	Scarborough Shoal
	Senkaku Islands
	Sir Creek3
	Socotra Rock		2 2
	Southern Kuril Islands
	Spratly Islands3
	Taiwan and Penghu2
Notes:	1Government in exile/exiled group. 2Inactive dispute. 3Divided among multiple claimants.

Language
v • d • e Sino-Tibetan-speaking nations and regions      Bhutan  Burma (Myanmar)  People's Republic of China  Christmas Island  Hong Kong  India  Macau  Malaysia  Nepal  Pakistan  Singapore  Republic of China (Taiwan)  Thailand Names in italics indicate non-sovereign territories. v • d • e Territories of Greater China and Chinese-speaking nations     People's Republic of China Mainland China · Hong Kong · Macau Republic of China Taiwan · Penghu · Kinmen · Matsu  Singapore

Coordinates: 23°35′N 119°35′E / 23.583, 119.583

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