Diemazz

Part of a series on Platonism

Platonic idealism

Platonic realism

Middle Platonism

Neoplatonism

Articles on Neoplatonism

Socratic dialogue

Socratic method

Platonic doctrine of recollection

Platonic epistemology

Theory of forms

Form of the Good

Participants in Dialogues

Socrates

Adeimantus

Alcibiades

Aristophanes

Callicles

Glaucon

Gorgias

Hippias

Protagoras

Parmenides

Theaetetus

Thrasymachus

Timaeus of Locri

Notable Platonists

Plotinus

Porphyry

Iamblichus

Proclus

Discussions of Plato's works

Dialogues of Plato

Chariot allegory

Allegory of the cave

Metaphor of the sun

Analogy of the divided line

Philosopher king

Plato's five regimes

Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?

The Myth of Er

Third Man Argument

Demiurge

This box: view • talk • edit

Plutarch of Athens (c. 350-430), was a Greek philosopher and Neoplatonist who taught at Athens at the beginning of the 5th century. He reestablished the Platonic Academy there and became its leader. He wrote commentaries on Aristotle and Plato, emphasizing the doctrines which they had in common.

Life

He was the son of Nestorius and father of Hierius and Asclepigenia, who were his colleagues in the school. The origin of Neoplatonism in Athens is not known, but Plutarch is generally seen as the person who reestablished Plato's Academy in its Neoplatonist form. Plutarch and his followers (the "Platonic Succession") claimed to be the disciples of Iamblichus, and through him of Porphyry and Plotinus. Numbered among his disciples were Syrianus, who succeeded him as head of the school, and Proclus.

Philosophy

Plutarch's main principle was that the study of Aristotle must precede that of Plato, and that the student should be taught to realize primarily the fundamental points of agreement between them. With this object he wrote a commentary on Aristotle's On the Soul, (De anima) which was the most important contribution to Aristotelian literature since the time of Alexander of Aphrodisias; and a commentary on the Timaeus of Plato. His example was followed by Syrianus and others of the school. This critical spirit reached its greatest height in Proclus, the ablest exponent of this latter-day syncretism.

Plutarch was versed in all the theurgic traditions of the school, and believed, along with Iamblichus, in the possibility of attaining to communion with the Deity by the medium of the theurgic rites. Unlike the Alexandrists and the early Renaissance writers, he maintained that the soul which is bound up in the body by the ties of imagination and sensation does not perish with the corporeal media of sensation.

In psychology, while believing that Reason is the basis and foundation of all consciousness, he interposed between sensation and thought the faculty of Imagination, which, as distinct from both, is the activity of the soul under the stimulus of unceasing sensation. In other words, it provides the raw material for the operation of Reason. Reason is present in children as an inoperative potentiality, in adults as working upon the data of sensation and imagination, and, in its pure activity, it is the transcendental or pure intelligence of God.

References

• Suda, Domninos, Hegias, Nikolaos, Odainathos, Proklos o Lukios.
• Marinus, Vita Procli, 12.
• Photius, Bibliotheca, 242.

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.

Site Map: RSS 2.0

Recent Searches: Plutarch of Athens
catering supplies
Paraguayan guaraní
HMS Ocean (L12)
bernat yarn
Heorhiy Kyrpa
coreg cr
Saint Joseph's University
career builder
Chinese language romanisation in Singapore

Related Pages: