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A BMX race. First round of the 2005 European BMX Championships held in Sainte Maxime, France on 23 April 2005.

BMX (Bicycle Motocross) is a form of cycling on specially designed bicycles which usually have 20 inch wheels. The sport includes racing on earthen tracks, known as BMX racing, as well as the performance of tricks on the bikes, called Freestyle BMX. Freestyle BMX has grown to include five distinct disciplines. These are Street, Park, Vert, Dirt, and Flatland. These usually involve technical movements of the bike in different ways over varied terrain.

A BMX bike intended for racing can be easily distinguished from a freestyle BMX bike.

• Freestyle Vert: shorter seat- and chain- stays, and typically a single brake for the rear wheel. Brakes commonly have a detangler mechanism to enable bar spins, but some riders opt for a single cable setup for ease of repair;
• Freestyle Street/Park: Similar set up to that of vert. Brakless riding is common. Also growing now is the use of freecoasters which allow the rider to ride fakie (backwards) without back-pedaling.
• Freestyle Dirt: Similar set up to street only on dirt jumps with tires that are more suited to dirt, most often running with a single back brake and no detangler. Toptube is usually longer than those used on street bikes, for better distance coverage.
• Freestyle Flatland: shorter seat- and chain- stays, dual brakes with detangler mechanisms to enable bar spins. Low gear ratio. The bike is usually fitted with pegs for standing.;
• Race: Brakes rear, and frames with specific lengths for the riders size, they have thinner wheels for smaller riders for less drag, or thick tyres for larger riders which give more stability.

Recently, BMX racing's international governing body, Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), began sponsoring the UCI BMX World Championships.

Fly 3 Amigos Freestyle BMX bike

History

BMX started in the early seventies when Russell Staves and Jake Boatfield began racing their bicycles on dirt tracks in Southern California, drawing inspiration from the motocross superstars of the time. The size and availability of the Schwinn Sting-Ray made it the natural bike of choice, since they were easily customized for better handling and performance. BMX racing was a phenomenon by the mid-1970's.^[1] Children were racing standard road bikes off-road, around purpose-built tracks in California.^[2] The 1971 motorcycle racing documentary On Any Sunday is generally credited with inspiring the movement nationally in the US; its opening scene shows kids riding their Schwinn Stingrays off-road. By the middle of that decade the sport achieved critical mass, and manufacturers began creating bicycles designed especially for the sport.

BMX has also become extremely popular in the UK. The UK also holds an annual BMX championships and the winner will become the best in the whole of the UK and will normally get scouted to do events in the US such as the X-Games, Gravity-Games and the AST dew tour.

By 1977, the American Bicycle Association (ABA) was organized as a national sanctioning body for the growing sport. In April 1981, the International BMX Federation was founded, and the first world championships were held in 1982. Since January 1993 BMX has been integrated into the Union Cycliste Internationale.^[3]

BMX is now one of the staple events at the annual Summer X Games Extreme Sports competition held largely on both coasts of the United States. Recently, there has been an explosion in the popularity of the sport due to its relative ease and availability of places to ride and do tricks. BMX racing also became an official Olympic event at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, China.^[4]

References

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